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The First Amendment Bars Officials From Targeting Nike Because They Don鈥檛 Like Colin Kaepernick

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Government officials act to punish Colin Kaepernick through intimidation of brands that he works with is a form of discriminatory behavior
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Emerson Sykes,
Staff Attorney,
老澳门开奖结果 Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project
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September 20, 2018

In response to the Nike ad campaign featuring NFL player and activist Colin Kaepernick, some state and local government officials in , , and have sought to discourage or prohibit the purchase of Nike products in various ways.

While everyone is entitled to have their own opinion about the ads 鈥 including public officials 鈥 government efforts to boycott a company based on hostility to its political expression violate the First Amendment. That鈥檚 because one of the most fundamental precepts of the First Amendment is that the government can鈥檛 act to suppress one side of a public debate.

In 2016, Kaepernick famously to protest police violence against minority communities, provoking vigorous debate about the relationship between protest and patriotism, the place of politics in sports, and free speech in the workplace. In the ads, Nike asks people to 鈥淏elieve in something, even if it means sacrificing everything.鈥

Kaepernick has indeed sacrificed enormously for his beliefs, as his protests effectively brought an . Although Kaepernick and his allies have repeatedly made it clear that their grievances are directed at systemic racism, some politicians 鈥 including 鈥 have insisted that the protest is disrespectful to police and military personnel.

Regardless of what officials may think about the protests, the First Amendment prohibits government from discriminating against individuals and organizations based on the content of their speech and the viewpoints they express. The attempts to punish Nike in Rhode Island, Mississippi, and Louisiana all violate the spirit of the First Amendment, although the specifics of each situation are different.

This week in Rhode Island, the North Smithfield Town Council passed a resolution 鈥淩equesting the School Committee and all Municipal Departments to Refrain from Purchasing Nike Products.鈥 Town Council President John Beauregard, a former state trooper, that he introduced it because of the 鈥渄isrespect鈥 and 鈥渘egative comments that Colin Kaepernick has shown toward police officers." The 老澳门开奖结果 of Rhode Island sent a to the council warning that if 鈥渕unicipal agencies decide to take action consistent with the resolution, the Town and its taxpayers will face both legal and financial liability for violating the First Amendment.鈥 Beauregard backed down, saying that he would in response to the negative feedback he had received.

In Mississippi last weekend, the head of the state police said that his department would no longer purchase Nike products, saying that he 鈥渨ill not support vendors who do not support law enforcement and the military.鈥

The 老澳门开奖结果 of Mississippi , explaining, 鈥淲hatever you may think about Nike or Colin Kaepernick, political protests are a legitimate form of non-violent speech, and are protected by the First Amendment. When Kaepernick took a knee, it was not in opposition to law enforcement or the military nor was it disrespectful to this country. It was in protest of the pervasive racial injustice that still remains in our country.鈥

Mississippi Gov. Phil Bryant supported his Department of Public Safety commissioner, saying, 鈥淗e has a right to determine what vendors DPS does business with, and it鈥檚 not going to be with a company that pays an individual who has slandered our fine men and women in law enforcement.鈥

Actually, the government does not have the right to retaliate against a government contractor based solely on hostility to the contractor鈥檚 political speech. In both of these cases, the government was wrong to impose ideological litmus tests on its contractors and vendors.

In Louisiana last week, the mayor of Kenner, E. 鈥淏en鈥 Zahn III, issued a policy prohibiting private booster clubs using city facilities from buying or using Nike products. The 老澳门开奖结果 of Louisiana warned Zahn in a letter that his actions violated the First Amendment and advised him to rescind the policy immediately, which he did. This situation is somewhat different than the first two, because it also affects private booster clubs. The government cannot stop individuals or groups from patronizing a certain business simply because officials don鈥檛 like that company鈥檚 political views.

The officials in Louisiana and Rhode Island did the right thing and Mississippi should follow suit. The 老澳门开奖结果 will continue monitoring the situation to see if the First Amendment is violated. In the meantime, we encourage other local government officials contemplating similar bans to take heed of the First Amendment before trying to use their offices to impose their views on others.

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