The Right to Life Denied: Death Penalty Violates the Constitution and International Law
Yesterday, in Warsaw, Poland, Jamil Dakwar of the ÀÏ°ÄÃÅ¿ª½±½á¹û Human Rights Program delivered a statement to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) addressing the continued use of capital punishment in the United States.
The is the world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental group. The 56 countries that make up the organization's membership include the United States, Russia and Canada, along with every European nation. The United States and Belarus are the only two countries in the OSCE that still practice state executions. Since 2009, Belarus has executed 6 people, while . .
Coming just days after the unconscionable and unconstitutional execution of Troy Davis thrust the American death penalty into the international spotlight, the ÀÏ°ÄÃÅ¿ª½±½á¹û statement described the American death penalty as a "failed experiment," citing chronic deficiencies, including , racial inequity, and wrongful convictions.
In the wake of Congressional limitations on habeas corpus (the right to challenge one's incarceration), reversing a death sentence has become a . The judge presiding over Davis' hearing wrote that a death sentence reversal, under current U.S. law, would require an .
While millions all over the world were shocked by Davis' execution last week, sadly, the execution of a prisoner who holds a significant likelihood of innocence is in the American system. As the ÀÏ°ÄÃÅ¿ª½±½á¹û statement noted, since 1973, several thousand people have been held on death row. During this time, . Investigations following executions are rare, but in at least one case there is and is still trying to cover it up.
Currently, 3,251 people await execution in the United States. Just yesterday, the Obama administration referred its first death penalty case for trial by a Guantánamo military commission, which operates with for proving a person guilty. The new "Guantánamo standards" allow the inclusion of techniques, while limiting the defense access to evidence and witnesses, and censoring the details of torture.
At the end of the statement, the ÀÏ°ÄÃÅ¿ª½±½á¹û called upon the United States to join its OSCE peers by instituting a moratorium on capital punishment. The American death penalty stands as a tragic rarity in the OSCE area. The United States cannot be considered a global leader on human rights, unless it changes its policy and joins the OSCE countries (and the majority of the world) in the abolition of capital punishment.
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